Sunday, September 13, 2009

Manali-Leh-KhardungLa Cycling




I have completed my much awaited cycling expedition from Manali to Leh and then from Leh to KhardungLa.
The trip took me to the highest passes of the Himalayas and icidentally to the highest motorable pass KhardungLa, except that I cycled up it and not motored up :-)

The blog with 100+ pictures and day to day account is at http://manasij.wordpress.com

Feel free to browse through it and send me your comments.

Cheers,
Manasij Ganguli
9811041363

Tuesday, July 07, 2009

Cycling to Chakrata

A perfect mountain destination opens up the imagination of a place surrounded by tall snow capped peaks, streams, beautiful lush greenery, freshness in the air and finally an idyllic spot with very few people and concrete. May be you want to add the drama of a spectacular road trip leading to the “perfect” destination. Well, you got all of this in Chakrata, a hill station very few know, let alone visit.

Chakrata is tucked into the Garwhal Himalayas at a height of 7000 feet in the state of Uttaranchal, some 90 km from Dehradun. It is less known because it is meant to be less known. This is the place where the Special Forces of Indian Army trains, shoots, treks, learns bush crafting and therefore this place cannot be advertised to compromise its high security.

So when Aadhar, Gaurav and I sat down with our maps and truckloads of searched internet data and all sort of stuff to pick our spot for the next mountain biking destination, Chakrata won the ballot hands down. For pure cycling enthusiasts, this was a trip which would make you drool. You would be climbing from Vikas Nagar at 1450 feet to Chakrata at 7000 feet in 52 km. Actually the climb begins at Kalsi, 11 km from Vikas Nagar. In next 41 km the road climbs 5000 feet. That would be one hell of a climb to do and we all agreed to give it a shot.

We reached Vikas Nagar, 250 km from Delhi wading through some really patchy traffic and dodgy roads through Merut, Muzzafarnagar and Saharanpur. Our hotel, Guru Kripa, was a decent affair and we all slept well in the nice air-conditioned comfort.

The action began at 6 am the next day, July 4th 2009. We readied our mountain bikes, calibrated our instruments, stuffed in some omelets and bananas and off we went. The weather was good with no sign of rains and we all felt good. I had a bad start though. I discovered that I had forgotten my sipper back in my refrigerator, which was 250 km away. Also, I had a slight doubt about my form as a stupid fall from stairs a day before had given me a back sprain, a niggled groin and an occasional hurting shoulder.

The ride was easy at the beginning as the road climbed just 500 feet in the first 11 km to reach Kalsi. Just a few months back Kalsi to Chakrata used to be a one way traffic route controlled by two gates operated simultaneously from both the ends. However, these days it is a free flow. But I hit my first roadblock here.

This route is out of bounds for foreigners on account of this being a high security zone. The check post soldier, after looking at me, arrived at the conclusion that I was definitely not an Indian. I do not know why this keeps happening everywhere. It had happened in the past while we biked from Paonta Sahib to Nahan and again when we went from Kalka to Kasauli, and hey presto it happened again. Thankfully, I was carrying my driving license and it saved my day and this would be the order of the day in all of the check posts en-route. I envied Aadhar and Gaurav who would breeze past these annoying check posts grinning widely while I would be flagged down and forced to produce my papers and use my vernacular prowess to prove my Indian-ness.

Just after we crossed Kalsi, the scenery changed dramatically. Suddenly the boring straights gave way to winding tarmac with huge eucalyptus and deodars flanking the sides. I was feeling great and loved the narrow winding route that all of a sudden culminated into a series of switchback climbs.


We had barely crossed the first set of hairpin climbs when misfortune struck. Gaurav who had been complaining about his rear derailleur ever since we started, declared it busted. It meant only one thing, we would have to decide if I and Aadhar would push on or we all go back. Being a great team man, Gaurav egged us to go on as he had to take the tough decision of returning to the hotel in Vikas Nagar some 15 km downhill. It was sad to lose a comrade. We bade farewell and saw Gaurav go downhill and I could not help but feel sad. Gaurav is a live wire and is an amazing source of enthusiasm, losing him was a cruel blow.

I and Aadhar pushed on. Just a few kilometers from where we parted with Gaurav, we discovered that we had misread the conditions. After Kalsi, there was a steady climb with intermediate steep sections leading to the village Sahiya 18 km away. The road was not in great condition and had lots of gravels and boulders, reminiscent of past landslides. Some places would just turn out to be mere rubble piles with little tarmac. On top of this, the sun was getting stronger by every minute and I could see the temperature soar to 34 degrees Celsius and it was only 8 am in the morning!

But our biggest problem was not the gradient, which was anyway bad, or the road surface or the heat. Our biggest problem was that we were running out of water. On a challenging climb with a hot sun, I would typically drink a liter of water in 3-4 km. I had a one liter water bottle and so did Aadhar which would never take us to Sahiya, 18 km uphill. We needed water and there was no village, no shops and no dhabas in the route.

Finally, when we ran out of all the water, I had no option but to flag down a passing military vehicle and beg for water. We got some and it was ice cold. It felt great. It did a great deal of good to our spirits and we pedaled hard and ate many kilometers in quick time. We went through some army constructed temporary wooden bridges. The bridge would sway violently when a vehicle would go over it. When we crossed through them we could see what the car drivers can never experience. The wooden planks had 2-3 inches gaps and through them we could see the bottomless drop. Scary, but interesting nonetheless.

We stopped for snacking on some chocolates at a dilapidated and condemned government building. We met with a group of horsemen who transport sand from downhill side to the villages above. We talked to them and we learnt that they were local tribesmen called “Jaunsaris”. It is believed in this region, that the Pandavas stayed here for some time during their 14 years’ exile and these communes practice polyandry till date, just as Pandavas did.

May be Aadhar got buoyed by the talk of marriage and decided to try some horse riding, as a prelude to his marriage that is due late this year when he has to ride the horse as a part of the standard marriage rituals. I also followed him and it was fun.

We began our climb and pretty soon ran out of water again. There was no vehicle to be seen on the road as well. Finally we spotted a leaking pipe and filled our bottles. Another hour passed and we were again out of water. This time a mountain stream rescued us. Finally, we reached the village Sahiya, 29 km from the starting point. We had scaled 2000 feet in 29 kms in little over 3 hours, thanks to our frequent water discovery quests.

It seemed that we had hit the small village with a squall of some sort. I and Aadhar were mobbed in no time from all directions. We looked way out of line with our strange biking attires and geared mountain bikes. All sorts of questions rained. How costly are these bikes? How fast do they travel? Where are we going? Why are we biking? Are we racing? Why do they have disc brakes? Why do we wear gloves? One shopkeeper commented that we would not reach Chakrata before evening as it was a steep climb away.

Anyway, we ate some chicken curry and rice and filled our bottles and continued. The climb immediately became tough. We had a 3500 feet climb ahead of us in next 23 km and the temperature had soared to 37 degree Celsius, thanks to my Suunto Vector watch which measures altitude, barometric pressure, compass bearing and temperature. In this heat with this terrain, it was tough and was no walk in the park. Being the lighter rider I was riding ahead and would egg Aadhar on from every vantage point.

Finally, at the 17 km milestone I and Aadhar separated as I went ahead. Separation from my other biking mate had a sudden demoralizing effect on me. There was no intermediate chit chat and laugh to be shared now. I hated everything- the climb, the sun, the distance. It took some hard focus from my side to remain on top of the climb.

The road became very beautiful soon after. I would see Himalayan oak, deodar and rhododendron all around the path. I would see the wonderful green cultivated step farming fields downhill. The lush green mountains would show a grayish-white carved spine, which was the road I had already climbed and to add drama to it, the whole mountain face would have fleeting cloud shadows passing over it. It was magnificent and amidst all tiredness the sight would mesmerize me.

7 km from the top and at an altitude of 6000 feet, I suddenly started to feel a little strange. It seemed I was not producing enough power to climb anymore. This was my second experience of bonking. Last time I remembered being bonked out in one of my weekend rides of 70 kms to Greater Noida from Noida on a very hot and extremely strong headwind day. There was no way I was getting anything to eat here unless I do a Bear Grylls of the discovery channel series “Man vs Wild” and eat a bug or snake or something. I egged myself on and continued pedaling.

I would tell myself that heroes do not quit, that people who have conquered have hung on to hope in face of dire situations. I would remember the stupendous survival stories that I absolutely love to watch in National Geographic. This entire emotional payload resulted in some inspired mountain biking albeit at a snail’s pace. Later my GPS would tell me that my overall climbing average was a little over 9 km/hr. That’s not really a race tempo, but when you compare that cars average at about 20-25 km/hr for climbs on the same road, it is not too bad either.

Finally at 6800 feet and 2 km from Chakrata the little town made a magical appearance through the woods and quite at the same time I heard gun shots ringing at a distance. Later I learnt that I was going past the shooting range of the Special. To me it seemed as if someone was giving me a gun salute for the arduous climb I had completed. A little over patronizing it may seem, but that’s how it felt when I completed the climb.

Then came the best part of the biking tour. The downhill was a fast affair and it was there when the enormity of the climb really sunk in. It was a 41 km long downhill and we had great fun doing it. We would overtake cars, buses, pick-up trucks and even bikes in the downhill. Aadhar’s bike is a Tuscano full suspension disc brake laden downhill expert and he stormed ahead at such a speed that he vanished from my sight in no time. I was a little conservative with my hardtail Trek 4300 but managed a respectable top speed of 64 km/hr.

We regrouped at Kalsi and then did the final 11 km very gradual downhill to Vikas Nagar and back to our hotel. The full ride was a staggering 104 km. The feel of completing such a laborious bike day is difficult to describe but all I know is there would be many such days to come in the near future.

Wednesday, June 17, 2009

Cycling from Kalka to Kasauli, June 13th 2009

If you go asking people to name something that makes them instantly connect to the childhood memories, chances are that the cycle would probably feature prominently in that list. The romance of the cycle is undying. Yes we love our fuel guzzling sedans and motorbikes, but the cycle tugs the strings of the heart as it reminds us of the sunny days of our childhood and passage to adulthood.

For me, I remember my daily 5 km ride to my school from home, the long aimless rides with friends in winter afternoons, wading through knee deep waterlogged streets on my cycle during rains and foremost I remember long walks with my high school girlfriend (whom I ended up marryingJ) when I would just talk with her and walk my cycle alongside.

Call me fickle, or someone who is about to enter mid-age crisis (though at 29 I am still some years from thee) or someone who desperately wants to cling to fitness or whatever, I have always wanted to be on my cycle and ride it.
To cut a long story short, I managed to form a small group of cycling enthusiasts in my workplace (I am a software engineer working in Delhi, India) and together we dreamt of cycling from Manali in Himachal Pradesh (India) to Leh, Ladakh (India) and then to the Khardungla Pass (highest road on the world). This would require some serious training as we planned to travel 550 km at an extreme high altitude (average of 13,500 feet with few passes as high as 18,380 feet). So after weeks’ of trainings and long rides (some extending to 100 km), we decided that it was about time we set ourselves up the mountains and see how we fared.

We have had some experience in mountains previously. We had scaled from Paonta Sahib to Nahan (both in Himachal Pradesh, India). It was an easy uphill for the first 43 km and then a dramatic 7 km uphill ride. We had huffed and puffed and reached the summit that time and had realized that we would need more conditioning. So after 6 weeks of daily dosage of 35-40 km cycling and weekend cycling of around 70 km, we were ready to pick our spot.

Kalka to Kasauli (See Route) came as the top draw for a lot of reasons. One, Kasauli is at an altitude of around 6000 feet. Two, Kalka is at 2100 feet so the altitude gain of around 4000 feet is respectable under any circumstances. Three, Kalka to Kasauli sports two routes; an easy gradient through NH 22 via Dharampur (climbing 3900 feet in 50 km on super smooth tarmac) and another stiff climb of 22 km through roads that is not great in condition. We chose the latter. It was far tougher to climb as the gradient was much stiffer; it had bad roads, which adds more challenges and it had less vehicular traffic, so we would be safer.

One last reason for choosing this route was because the road from Delhi to Kalka (approximately 275 km) is a straight dash across the 6 lane highway which meant we could easily reach Kalka, bike up and down and come back without spending an eternity travelling in our cars.

Our cycling expedition began at Kalka railway station on Saturday June 13th at 7 am. Kalka is a sleepy township at the foothills of Dhauladhar Range. The quaint railways station is the biggest in the Himachal Pradesh and it sees traffic in morning hours when trains from Delhi arrive and again in the evening when trains for Delhi depart. It is the starting point of Kalka-Shimla toy train route that covers 90 km in a leisurely 8 hours through as many as 100+ tunnels and many picturesque bridges. It is a UNESCO world heritage railhead and a must for anyone who enjoys the hill view at a leisurely pace.

Anyway, we unpacked our cycles from the boot of our cars and began the assembly. Just for pure reader’s information, I own a Trek 4300 mountain bike. Aadhar, the biker with most number of kilometers and experience in our group, owns a Terrano Mountain Bike and Gaurav owns a La-Sovereign Mountain Bike. Mine and Gaurav’s are hardtails whereas Aadhar owns a full suspension model.

At 7:30 am we started our journey. The weather was cool and the sky was clear blue. We all had bananas before we started and were carrying sippers with glucose and ORS (Oral Rehydration Salt) dissolved in water. We also had some chocolate bars to snack our way to the top. However, we all were in the mood for a nice steaming cup of tea to begin our ride.

So we stopped just a kilometer from the Kalka railway station in a small tea shop. While we waited for the tea, our curious attire and alien looking bikes attracted quite a crowd. One of them was a holy man with long beard. He reeked of country liquor. He first accosted me and quite to my surprise asked for my name in English. I have been mistaken for a foreigner during my Nahan cycling expedition (possibly because of the cycling gear, dark shades and long hairs than my complexion). He also told me that I am a lucky guy but the time was against me and some stupid stuff about I might get married soon but may have three marriages. I told him that I am already married and he scooted off to Aadhar. He gave Aadhar a gem of an advice. “sex kam kiya karo” (have less sex) and we all rolled in laughter. For the remaining of the day, I and Gaurav kept taunting Aadhar about the holy advice.

Anyway, we finished our tea and began the ride. The road climbed moderately to Parwanoo, a very small settlement, another 4 km away. We ditched the heavily trafficked NH 22 and took a hard left for the short and steep climb to Kasauli. Immediately we were hit on our faces by the gradient. The easy climbing gradient of NH 22 was passé, this was steep. To add to the woes, the road was too narrow and had lots of gravels. This meant that whenever we would encounter any big vehicle we would have to stop and pull over to a side. How difficult it is to stop and then resume the climb, especially on a cycle and on a track strewn with gravels (which minimize traction) is something one can only experience and not convey through writing.





I was continuously pedaling at 2X3 and found a good rhythm and steamed ahead. Being the lightest (at only 55 kg) I definitely had an advantage in climbing. Aadhar and Gaurav kept up the tempo in their own pace. We crossed the Kalka Shimla railway track at Taksal at 2600 feet, 2 km from Parwanoo. Aadhar and Gaurav saw the train too; I was a little too early to have missed that. Envy them for this!

The climb became much tougher after that. I was continuously working the gears to gain the best cadence but the terrain and the traffic would fight back. On top of all these, it started to get warmer. We stopped at a shanty tea stall in Jungeshu for some drinks and ended up consuming 6 cold drinks and 2 water bottles with 2 double egg omelets. Feeling more powerful and rejuvenated, we hit the road again. The climb became steep, then steeper and then &#%$@$@%. I kept pedaling uphill though one switchback climbs after another. Sometimes a vehicle would come downhill and the drivers would give us thumbs up as an acknowledgment to the testament of our arduous climb. It felt great to be appreciated.

The road was dotted with some very scenic and quaint villages in the backdrop of the mighty Dhauladhar mountains. All the settlements had one thing in common, a large white board on which the name, the population and the altitude of the village was inked in blue. None of the villages had population more than 500. Farming was the business of choice and we could see lush cultivated landscapes scooped out in steps on the mountain sides. The color scheme was magnificent. The deep blue clear sky blended into the dark green tall tree tops and rolled down to light green colored cultivated fields. The black pitch of the tarmac served as an excellent contrast.


Everything kept changing in the route. The sun soared, the temperature increased, the climb became tougher as we became more and more tired. The scenery changed too. Now we were traveling through green alpine forests with lots of streams here and there. Some of the streams directly flowed over the road. We could see many signs of landslides and huge boulders were everywhere. At times, when I would not see anyone behind me, I would stop at a landslide flattened tree trunk or a fallen boulder while the rest caught up.

Finally, we had our encounter with bad luck. Gaurav had a flat tire. We were 8 km from the summit and at 4700 feet, thanks to our GPS device lent to us kindly by Aditya, a colleague of mine. Just as what team mates do, we walked our bikes with Gaurav. Barely 100 meters from the bad luck spot, had we found a truck filling up water from one stream. Gaurav packed his bike on it and hitched a ride to Kasauli to get the tire fixed while we continued our climb.

Later we came to know that Gaurav had to go down 3 km from Kasauli to Garkhal to get the tire fixed and he rode all the way to the top alone reaching there well before us. To know the details of his sob story visit Gaurav's Blog

Meanwhile, I and Aadhar kept pedaling and eating the kilometers in a slow but steady pace. The wind had changed and the clouds had appeared. The temperature had dropped and the mountain mist had started to make its appearance. I was fading in energy but managed to pedal.


We stopped at a hotel, 3 km from the summit, to grab another cold drink. It was a fitting example of the fleecing kind. A fully concrete hotel with poor facilities and sky high charges, something wealthy Delhiwalas afford with ease and achieve a “getaway vacation” feel. We were surrounded by a lot of locals and workmen of the hotel and had to unwillingly take part in a long drawn interview about us, about our bikes, about why we are doing such things, where were we headed etc. In the middle of all the question and answer session, Gaurav rang me on my cell and told that he has reached the destination, so we started again.

Slowly and steadily the countdown reached 0 and I met up with Gaurav. We had climbed to an altitude of 5900 feet from our starting altitude of 2100 feet, covering 26 km in little less than 4 hours. We gulped down another bottle of cold drinks and began the long descent to Kalka railway station.







The downhill was a mad dash. Aadhar stormed ahead, so did Gaurav. My bike was the only one which did not have disc brakes, so I hesitated to match the others in pace. Then suddenly came a huge downpour. We stopped at a small tin shelter which turned completely porous in just a few minutes. We shivered as we turned wet and the weather was cold.

The moment the downpour stopped I darted out full steam. I was pedaling the downhill just to get a little warmed up and started enjoying the speed. Later my GPS would tell me that I had achieved a highest speed of 66.7 km per hour in that downhill rush. All the spots, Mashobra, Jungeshu, Taksal… that we had labored though the steep climb became a blur as I rode past them like a man possessed. In little over half an hour I was at the Kalka railway station, our starting point. Gaurav and Aadhar arrived moments later all topped with adrenaline rush thanks to the downhill.

We celebrated our ride and laughed a good lot when Aadhar said he would come back here again and Gaurav remarked that he had better heed to the holy advice to up his performance. May be he will, may be not, but one thing is for sure, we would be back here for more fun on the cycle.

Tuesday, August 29, 2006

Fine Arts: An Evolutionary Advantage

Fine Arts are an integral part of our lives. They come in innumerable flavors and have a global appeal. Ever since the primitive man occupied the ancient rocky caves, where they created the first murals, to the masterpieces created during renaissance period, to the modern art forms, the man has always stepped up the gas for sharpening his creative skills. Surprising is the fact that, we the mankind, remain as the only species on this planet who have discovered, practiced and perfected the fine arts. No other life forms, not even our evolutionary cousins, the apes, have anything closely resembling an art form. We are by far the most successful species on this planet. And by far the most art conscious. Are these two facts, somehow inter-related? In this essay we shall investigate this very fact.


When I said that no other species have any art forms, many may object. Isn’t the beautiful nest weaved by the beaver an art form? Isn’t the spider web an art form? For that matter how about the exceptional geometric and architectural genius of honey bees, who create the articulate hives? The list is long. Personally speaking the best resume for a qualification as an art form does not come from terrestrial animals, but from the aquatic giant whales. Scientists have found out that whales do seem to have complicated subsonic ‘songs’ consisting of many notes, but they are not sure whether it has any specific meaning attached. Hence whether this sequence of notes can be termed a song or not, is under dispute.

The only way to lay the dispute to rest is by coining what do we mean by an art? Then we can examine the various claims by various species and categorize them as art forms or otherwise. So what is an art form?

Art can be generally referred to as a by product of creativity. However, let’s take a step further and push a new concept of creativity through acquired skills residing outside the realms of animal instincts. In simpler words, any work piece would be considered an art form, if and only if, the member of any species attains that skill through sustained practice and not through simple genetic inheritance and that, its not a crucial pier to the successful existence for the member. In other words it’s a manifestation of creativity solely devoted to the purpose of entertainment and expression.

The above definition would demote the otherwise considered articulate beaver’s nest or honey bee's hive from an art to just a humble dwelling. Also the fact that all the beavers and bees can create the individual work pieces, because of their inheritance value, leaves us with no option but to consign their claim to the trashcan. One can argue that hunting is an acquired skill, thus lions are hunting artists. However the second rider clause of our definition, that it should not be an activity crucial to existence, nullifies the claim, as the lion is completely dependant on hunting for its living. The day we find a vegetarian lion which just hunts for entertainment value, probably we would have to regard it as an artiste. Till then, the definition above would invalidate all the animal kingdom’s membership forms to the artist groups. Only the claims from the humble Homo Sapiens will be passed. And we are the only members of this elite clan.

A quick sanity check vis-à-vis our definition of arts would confirm this proposition. Does any new born innate any painting, sculpturing, singing, dancing skill? No. So the first rider is cleared. Secondly, is painting, singing et al crucial to our existence or a part of our animal instincts of feed-fight-reproduce? No. Rider clause two is cleared as well. Hence painting, sculpturing, singing et al does qualify as fine arts.

The million dollar question is; if any of these art forms do not directly guarantee a successful existence, and that they do not arm us with any useful tangible paraphernalia that is potent enough for guaranteeing a long and safe life span for human beings, then why did it at all exist and thrive and became so widely practiced? What was the advantage of practicing fine arts? Were there any benefits to the persons practicing fine arts and to the whole mankind? But the first question is how did the art forms originate?

The answer to this issue of genesis could be found in any music store you choose to visit. Look around the music store that you are visiting. Most likely you are flanked by loves songs by artists from all across the globe from different genres. Why among all aspects of the human life, does the pair bonding exercise top the charts of all art forms? Simply because it is one of the strongest animal instincts and simply because this forms the backbone of the survival of any species, ours included. So no matter whether we lived in caves or super high-rise skyscrapers, as long as we live, love songs will sell, poets would compose sonnets professing the love, sculptures and painters would draw the artist’s view of the loved ones, dances would mandate a partner of the other sex, so on and so forth…..Time is immaterial, place is immaterial.

If we could unwind our clocks and probably go back many millennia, we might see, in the heart of a jungle the first Crow-Magnon man, who are credited of inventing the language in upper Pleistocene era some 35,000 years back, singing the first love song for his beloved. Sure, the other forms of ‘wooing the girl’ activities must have existed, but using the language as a tool with musical notes and thereby inventing songs does not predate the language formation. It is not impossible to guess that the first musical incantations must have been used to impress the prospective mate.

The animal kingdom is awash with mating calls from both the sexes and the activities that precede the pairing event. The croaking of the frogs, the noises of the cricket, the dance of the peacock, roar of the lion…..all embody the spirit of ‘wooing the mate’. But the difference is that almost all the frogs croak in the same frequency zone. Ditto for lions. There is no observable evidence of one peacock being a better dancer than the other. The distinction in animal kingdom is achieved by physical strength. Bigger the frog, better the chances that a female frog is attracted. Bigger the dung beetle, bigger the dung ball, better the chances of it attracting a female beetle for nesting. The female beetles don’t care that the smaller beetle has hitched a ride on the Toyota pick up truck and can tell better stories of the jungle. Big is the best bet in animal kingdom as it means better pack of genes which the offspring would inherit.

In animal kingdoms, many a times the herd is led by one dominant male. Other males just rally around till the time they pose no threat to the leader. If a male does stake claim, a fight would result and either the challenger wins to claim the lead role or leaves the herd. The dominant male has the first right of mating with all the females of the herd. Then the others get an opportunity.

There is a definite downside of this arrangement. The problem is purely mathematical and has its roots in genetics. We clearly understand that the success of any species' survival depends on the total available genetic diversity. Thus it is of paramount importance that each member of the species does indulge in spreading its genetic code, which is exactly what happens during the sexual reproduction in all species. However, if there exists a concept of a dominating male, who stakes the claim for first mating rights with all the herd's females, the genes of that dominating male gains an undue genetic advantage over other reticent males. Simply put, the dominating male has the highest probability of being the biological father of the herd's progeny.

Since the mating strategy of the animal kingdom favors the strong, its all but natural that the strongest males get the maximum advantage of preserving their genetic heritage, as more and more females make a beeline for getting the 'strong' genes of the herd's leader and not any other weak male's. However, this stands directly in the path of genetic evolution. Thus the concept of physical domination and subjugation finally retards the genetic evolution of the species.

Compounded to this issue is the fact that most of the species have a breeding season. Thus mating is a seasonal issue. When all the members are experiencing the seasonal libido and fights break out, the most powerful wins and sustains the genes. The problem is that in such a way defective genes in the herd tend to stay along. Result: a poor genetic diversity, which is surely an evolutionary disadvantage.

Human race has a few very strange mating habits. One, we don’t have any fixed breeding season. Two, we are the only species in which the consent of the female is not mandatory for a biological union. The third rule makes us really unique. We are probably the only preferentially monogamous species on this planet. But the third rule is not natural, as the previous two are. It is an enforcement on the typical traditional animal instinct. That is why it is better to say that we are preferentially monogamous as it is the preferred breeding strategy.

So what would have happened had the human mating strategy been the same, always favoring the strongest? In that case, we would surely have been a much poorer species in terms of genetic diversity. Thankfully it did not happen. The agent which ensured that such a catastrophic situation is averted is the fine arts. So how did the fine arts help us in diversifying our genetic pool?

In all species the females are responsible bearing the progeny. The males are responsible for spreading out their genetic heritage to as many females as possible. However, the difference is great. A female has only one egg to achieve the target where as the males can spare millions of sperm cells. This difference makes the females very much choosier when it comes to reproductive attitude and mate selection. That is the biological reason for why women are 'hard to get'. However, in animal kingdom because a strong bias towards strength exists, weak males seldom get the opportunity of pairing.

However, the human race is smarter than others The weak and physically not to strong males had to come up with an alternative mating strategy that would project them as attractive mating partners to the otherwise 'attracted towards strong males' type females. This new strategy would ensure that their genetic lines are carried forward, satisfying the personal interests and in turn enriching the genetic diversity. So a plan B was urgently needed.

Just as a peacock breaks into a dance and the frogs croak, quite the same way the comparatively weak individuals discovered the plan B. It was fine arts. The strategy was simple and smart. Impress the other sex with creative skills and win a mating opportunity. Suddenly, the game was different. The females had an alternative other than the dominating strong males. The alternative promised them of a progeny that would have superior creative skills. A melodious singer, a glib dancer, a nifty craftsman, a gifted painter, a smooth talker stated to get noticed.

As the society evolved just a bit more, where these skills were started getting appreciated, the mating equations changed. It made these primitive art practitioners look like attractive pairing prospects. Subsequently, they gained a great edge over the strong dominating types. As one physically weak individual saw the plan B succeed for another such physically weak individual, the task was cut out. This other individual, who also didn’t want to miss out, started a new branch or a new genre of art forms. This also got rewarded. Even though the traditional strong male still remained a good choice, these new art forms made new, not so strong, males a fine option as well. Next time when you look at a pop singer and worry why he has so much female fan following, blame it on their genetic urge to get a scoopful of his genes.

However, this new equation brought a few great benefits. First as more and more art forms were getting discovered and practiced, the evolution of body art forms were also not lagging behind. This allowed many not so creative members to acquire body art forms and all of a sudden they also started to look good, different and therefore more appealing as a potential partner. Tattooing, nail painting, lipstick at al, had their roots in this same philosophy. So the available pool of attractive mates and partners for pairing were infinitely increased.

This also did a great service to the humanity as a whole. As and when the new offspring emerged out of the union of these creative people, the overall concentration of genes that foster dominating and aggressive behavior started to decline. The society started to turn from savage animal like, towards more orderly and peaceful. Also this gave the weak individual the collective courage to stand up to the tyrannical individuals and paved the way for a peaceful existence. This greatly reduced the homicides and encouraged population growth; another evolutionary edge.

The collective diversity of the genetic pool of humans increased greatly as more and more productive individuals were copulating. However, our species has a strange mating habit which created new complications. Our is the only species, where a female can be led to biological union against her consent, blame it on our face to face mating style which is overpowering for the female species. In this changed pairing climate, the powerful males who were previously the favorites among females, found it rather tough sailing in this new climate. The only way out for them was to use force, which they did.

This barbaric act created serious problems in social stability and peace as it did to the genetic health of our species. To bar such non consented unions, the mankind came up with the third queerest strategy. This came as the pronouncement of preferential monogamy. In this new environment, one man was committed to one woman for their lifetime. This ensured that all members whether strong, weak, creative, intelligent or whatever were involved equally in extending their genetic heritage further.

Also fine arts influenced the culture of the existing societies. As the social groups grew nearer owing to common cultural heritage, which was by and large based on homogeneous or comparatively similar art forms, marriages resulted and this also diversified the genetic pool. Diversification of genetic pool meant that the disease resistance and harmful mutations arising out of faulty genetic copying were greatly attenuated. This ensured that the human species becomes healthier and stronger and lived longer as well.

Collating all the above facets, we can deduce that the discovery of art forms, which was primarily aimed at accentuating the mating potential of a member, gradually permeated into the cultural fabric of the society. Under the new influence of arts the human society transfigured from a savage strength dominated one to a peaceful and reproductively egalitarian one, with each member being wed to a spouse. By doing this, our genetic evolution received a youthful facelift and the available genetic diversity was heightened. This high genetic diversity decreased the probability of population loss owing to catastrophic diseases and genetic malfunctions. Result: human race received a great booster dose in their evolution.

It is true that science and technology are the strongest forces that catapulted the mankind to the pinnacle of animal kingdom in our planet. However, the art forms were the central peg which ensured that our species maintained a great genetic diversity which aided our evolutionary success. It also played pivotal role in formulation of social fabric. As long as we, the human beings, live on this planet, the fine arts will always be an important pier of our success story.

Next time when you see a cave painting, thank the creative genius of the unknown man for if not for his creativity, mankind could have well evolved as barbaric technological entity and probably went on to the path of self destruction or probably been wiped out of the face of this planet by a simple flu pandemic or a combination of both. Lucky aren't we?

Monday, August 21, 2006

Religion and Superstition: Brothers in Arms

It was 21st September 1995.
I was in standard Xth and it was a very important day of my life.
I was pedaling my Hero Ranger bicycle hard through the busy streets of Patna, as I had to appear in front of an elite panel of professors at the science centre.
They had already scrutinized a thousand or so essay entries for a competition whose 3 winners would rub shoulders with other state level winners in a national total solar eclipse camp at Alwar on Oct 24th 1995.
My entry was selected and I was to appear for the interview, along with 25 odd other hopefuls, which would ascertain whether I could go on to see the total solar eclipse.
So, it was an important day.

As I navigated through the clogged streets, I saw a strange event unfold.
All the mandirs were swarming with a huge crowd and the scene was repeated in all the mandirs on the way, no exceptions. I did not have enough time to inspect what it was all about. I was perfectly aware that it was not a day of festivities. It oddly looked a few devotees too many for it being an inauspicious day of the calendar.

Later that day, when I rejoiced at being selected for representing my state at the national total solar eclipse camp, did the news of Ganesha idols ‘drinking’ milk all over the country lit up all the news carrying fraternities across the country. All the mediums reported the frenzied public reaction which bordered from it being christened as an act of the god, a divine intervention in the lives of all, to a definitive and conclusive evidence of it being the eternal yet a boilerplate act of supernatural miracle, which only the omnipotent God can dish out.

I was stunned.
I just could not believe how can a stone idol ‘drink’ milk?
I was absolutely positive that this news could not be true. Either it was a part of a well planned mass hysteria, which had led people to see what they wanted to see, or if it indeed happened, then it could be explained by scientific theories.

However, with in days of this miraculous event, the scientific fraternity had found out that this was a simple case of surface tension and capillary action, which created nation wide ruffles. But I remained frustrated. This was because whenever I discussed this phenomenon with my friends, they all would solemnly pledge that it was a divine miracle. The arguments were grotesque.
"How can you explain that only on 'that' day all the idols started 'drinking' milk?"
"Why only Ganesha idols drank milk?"
When confronted with the scientific facts, the last resort was quite nasty....
"No matter what science says, it was and it will be a divine incident, don’t you dare question it at all...."

Its deja-vu to me. Do not question the religion or else.....
Galileo questioned the divine theory of geocentric universe and had to pay for his 'sins' with his life, courtesy the church. Kepler introduced the concept of elliptical orbits for heavenly bodies but that was met with serious dispute as it did not agree with the religious portraits of a uniform and perfect universe because an ellipse is not as 'perfect' as the circle is. Even recently we had witnessed the pope ejaculate his wisdom of sex leading to cancer and AIDS. Also we had heard the Vatican declare that the scientists can embark on the mission of finding out the true fabric of the universe but its better to leave the concepts of its origin to the hands of divine superpowers.

So, the history is awash with examples which elucidate with remarkable ease that the religion has always posed as an adversary to the nature of free enquiry and research that asks fundamental questions. In other words, the custodians of the religions want us to be what they want us to be. Its better not to embarrass them with new discoveries, which would erode the mass base of the divine superpower believers and hence would land a body blow to their own powers.

We, the human beings have always believed in superpowers from the heaven. The time when the civilization was in its infancy and science and technology was practically non existent, these superpowers were the only solace to the bewildered human beings who suffered from virtually every element of nature. The result: human beings saw gods in rains, in sun, in boulders, in trees, in diseases, in animals, in fire, in primitive instruments, in stars...almost everything which either eased the human life or tortured it, was a god of some kind.

Then came the complexity when the division of labor implied setting up of different industries. Man discovered agriculture, farming, animal husbandry, pottery, gaming, weaving, administration and religious custodians. As the science was not developed enough, people turned to the religion for answers of the unknown. This made the religious custodians powerful.

At times their solutions hit the nail on its head and the mass base of belief grew. However, the next day another man could describe the phenomenon in scientific language and propose a better solution. This was a dangerous situation. If the unknown man's theory gains popularity, the powerful cease to exist. So he has to be gagged. And that was done more often than not. Result: - The religion kept towing the old lines of thought. Over time, this baggage grew to a huge size and all its artifacts were antiquated theories and practices with little or no tangible benefits vis-à-vis the new technology era. The tangible effects came from the most enterprising source, the man himself.

There came many great men and philanthropist of their times who had a profound effect in the lives of many. They were normal human beings with much more empathy for others and they attracted a good many followers. As the great man passed away, the legacy remained. Curiously, at times, the legacy kept augmenting. The greatness and the nobility were replaced by mythical testimonials of miracles and supernatural powers. Thus the noble human being turned into a saint, a prophet and was propelled to the higher orbits to join the other numerous superpowers. The rest was the same. There was a similar kind of custodian group, which kept towing the old lines for centuries and centuries. Any question about the divinity was a taboo.

Tomorrow we may very well see a new cult for Mahatma Gandhi or Mother Teresa, where people would claim that they could bring men back from the cadaverous state by their healing touch: - pretty much the same as it is said for many godmen and prophets. The custodians propagate the message that its better to be led by the path set by prophets and saints and godmen who lived centuries ago and still believe that’s the best way of life. Any new change would make the old principles and doctrines null and void and there is no scope of updation as the custodians themselves are lesser mortals compared to the superpowers and hence find themselves incapable to carry out any modifications to existing doctrines.

This germinates the seed of superstition. Fuelled by lack of free enquiry, rigid old doctrines which are considered gospels and outclassing the radical thoughts as blasphemy, the religious lines become a supermarket of superstitions. In these supermarkets of superstition and divinity: the palmists, numerologists, vastu-shashtris, zodiac sign readers, miracle healers, occultists, fortune tellers, thought readers et al open their souvenir shops and do brisk business. Scientific temper peters out.

Religion is big business. Look at the huge mandirs that have come up in recent past. The Akshar Dham Mandir in Delhi, an endeavor that costed over 1000 crores. Siddhi Vinayak of Mumbai is poised to sport a 100 kg gold ornamentation. Tirupate Balaji receives over a 1000 crores as alms every year. Our godmen are big business tycoons. Swami Ramdev's Divya Yoga Ashram is a multi million dollar enterprise. So is the ashram of Sai Baba of Puttaparthy. It’s true that divinity does sell.

However, the only way to keep people hooked up to this economically potent industry is through coming up with mega publicity stunts. The incident of 21st September 1995 was once again repeated on Augest 19th 2006. Results were identical. No matter what amount of education has percolated into the society, we still remain in the blind superstitions of religion and remain fancied to the dictum of 'no questions asked'.

Even we suppress the innocent child's queries. We tell our children not to question the religious ethics. I remember a toddler attracting a strong rebuke from his mother when he saw certain similarities in goddess Durga with an octopus, probably because both have multiple limbs.

Apart from superstitions, this closed door policy of little or no change, fans the communal fire and intolerance too. Add a bit of political gimmick to it and you have a lethal cocktail, almost comparable with bollywood's favorite combination of sex and violence which sells everywhere, from mega cities to hamlets.

Religion, itself is a great anchoring concept. Something that can bring about a feeling of relief and justice to many. Something which can root people facing adverse situations in life. Its one of the most complex socio-psychological fabric of the society.

The problem is not with the religion itself. The guardian angles and the custodians are the people who have turned it into a static cesspool of rotting old ideas and customs. It makes us superstitious, weak, and resistant to free thinking and impedes scientific temperament. As long as we the citizens keep a blind faith towards our age old religious doctrines and refuse to imbibe scientific temper by free enquiry, we will remain as one of the most superstitious being living on this planet.

As a famous philosopher had once pointed out: "If people attribute everything that they do not understand to the divinity, there will be no end to the divine things."

Till that time comes, lets rush to the nearest milk booth and then let the idols drink the milk or better lets rush to the sea and collect the 'divinely sweetened sea water', and lets get drunk with superstitions and utter religious prayers in dillirium.
A Men !!!

Wednesday, August 16, 2006

Does science and technology dictate the ethics or is it the other way round?

Ever since the last primate broke the evolutionary trend and embraced the bipedal stance, the primitive man emerged into this otherwise humdrum planet perpetually locked in Sun's gravitational force, situated at the far end of the milkyway galaxy's spiral arm amidst 400 billion other stars.

This new species was unique for its quite insatiable hunger for more and more knowledge. With more knowledge came the awakening that it needed to remain in herds so as to escape the ferocious saber tooth tigers or the marauding mammoths or other perils lurking in the forests. Social life came into picture.

But there was something unusual about this social life when compared to the other species. There was an inordinate stress on drowning the aggression towards the same species and individual domination (typically by the large males) was replaced by collective ruling.

This is not seen in any animal societies. This not only reduced the volume of same species' murder but it also instilled further confidence in the lesser strong individuals about their role and security in the community.

Gradually, as the different sects of the species collated predominantly under different geographical regions, local communities and clans emerged. These clans had mutually exclusive social habits and that remained the cornerstone of their identity. Coupled with the urge of protecting the clan's exclusive rituals and the need for a uniform decorum for a peaceful co-existence, somewhere rose the first Sun of ethics in the society. The individuals were bound to the clans as long as they would comply with these ethical conducts.

Thus the society learnt the concept of ethics and community laws which later amplified as legalities of the society.

On the other hand, as the society was developing and ethos being worked out, the primitive man had also embarked on the journey of science and technology which would eventually take the man to the space age one day.

This new aid to the human life, the science and technology, added new dimensions to the societal ethics. For instance, during the early days when the man had just learnt to harness the fire, it was extremely important to keep the fire burning. Thus, in many societies keeping the flame alive was an important activity and that gradually gravitated to the basket of work ethics of the man. In the same way, the advancements in garmentation led to the ethics of who wears what and when.

However, the change induced by any science and technological breakthrough was not always music to the ears to all. It meant that existing ethics and laws be viewed under new light and sometimes get discarded; not an easy proposition. This put continuous strain in the social fabric as new ethics would eat up the older ones and at times that would transpire as a potential threat to an existing power group.

When Ptolemy's principle of geocentric universe was challenged by Gallelio in 17th century, it created a major ruffle in the flanks of the church, which was at that point of time the guardian body of all ethical and religious believes. Galileo’s theory contradicted the erstwhile myopia of the church which believed that the Earth was the centre of all actions of the universe. It took a lot of time and effort and also involved human cost (Galileo’s death) before this basic scientific fact could be assimilated into the contemporary ethics of the society.

Today we might be bewildered as to what made such a simple principle to gain acceptance with so much fuss but the fact remains that almost all major scientific and technological advancements have demanded heavy price from the 'then existing' ethics, which many a times the custodians, be it the church or the government or even common masses, find difficult to expend.

The question is, has our civilization reached a state where we can safely conclude that the existing ethics would keep existing? To agree to this proposition would be synonymous to agree with the statement that we would not be introduced to any new path breaking discovery in the future. This is obviously a ridiculous thing to believe. Today the human kind stands at a juncture where from now on the possibilities are immense.

The previous inventions, discoveries and technology augmentations were the basic building blocks and today we stand at a platform where the mankind can truly ride the seat of the creator and achieve feats that till now we thought only the God (if there exists any such God) could.

Let’s take a small case. The ancient Egyptians had invented the first birth control mechanism. The idea was to use a small cotton strip during sexual intercourse which would soak up all the semen and hence we can call it the first crude condom. The idea of using birth control mechanisms were made popular in 20th century, but not before its share of hue and cry. Even today many countries have legal penalties should you be caught using such a measure. The same happened with abortion. As soon as the technology was perfected, it gained its share of popularity and also its share of denouncements. In early days women used to object to having scissorian deliveries as it was 'against God'.

Nowadays it’s absolutely prevalent to stick to birth control measures, have a scissorian delivery or if certain circumstances demand, an abortion is not a taboo. So, we see that if the technology is available and is viable and that if it can fend of the problems associated with the human life, no matter what amount of denouncement happens, it will finally be used. And since it will be used by a huge population, it will percolate to the ethics. Or is it so?

The technology for cloning is available for a while now. However, human cloning is banned in all countries. So is the technology for embryonic stem cells. Also now we have the biotechnology that can determine whether or not a woman is susceptible to breast cancer, but we are not using this information in determination of life insurance cover or employment fitment. We have issued blanket ban on these technologies as these stand directly in the path of our existing ethics. But the question is for how long this can sustain.

It possible to take the genetic code of a father and plant an embryo in his daughter's womb. This will create a clone of the father in his own daughter's womb. The question is will it amount to incest? Won't the daughter herself be the mother of the father? From technological standpoint, it has no problems, but has profound ethical implications.

So which is the dominant force? The technology? Or the ethics?
Historical evidence suggests that technology would finally have the last laugh. The 12 kilo tonne Uranium bomb dropped in Hiroshima killed 130 thousand people. It was not that the scientists were ignorant of its destruction capability, still the technology prevailed over ethics and the collateral damage was 130 thousand lives and many more due to the radioactivity. However one can argue that after one stint of madness, no one has used the nuclear arsenal on humanity, so the ethics seem to be winning. But will they eventually?

A century back there were a lot of issues that were considered unethical which we have taken in our stride nowadays. Who knows, tomorrow we might even be into a worlds where active human cloning could be done to save lives, genetic architects would decide what color you baby's eyes would have, insurance companies would get your complete genetic profile and decide whether or not you could be medically insured, biotechnological wombs would replace the need of child carrying in womenfolk......

All these could then be perfectly ethical and the beings of those days could very well look down upon us for considering these technologies as unethical, quite the same way we do to the 17th century church for not accrediting Galileo..........

How To Get A Good Appraisal

How To Get A Good Appraisal
----------------------------------

So you think that you are smart
And you have the fire
You want to scale great heights
Thats your sole desire

But what impedes your rise to greatness
Is your own attitude
How to improve your damned appraisal
I will tell you dude

So you thought we liked your denim?
and your party shirt?
Dont expect any raise from us
ifwith dress code you flirt

Always wear boring formal clothing
and all the drab hues
clean shaven, black polished boots
will get you all your dues

No chains, no flashy hair style
is the professional mantra
bald head is prohibitted here
its a banned tantra

No smoking, no drinking
no talk of sports
no music, no movies
these spell bad reports

Work or no work doesnt matter
stay for nine hours
be there and be visible
and accolade showers

Always keep a pile of books
and printouts near your comp
It gives you the serious 'image'
with ratings will you romp

Do carry pen and pad in meets
never mind what you write
remember,pretention is sublime
work has no might

Always talk to your managers
with tech gibberish-full plate
open your mouth and words should flow
jsp,xml, servlet.....

Make a din at wokplace
if your 'for loop' has run
keep yourself in high esteem
propoganda is fun

Always look exhausted...
look haggard, beaten and tired
if you are beaming
implies with work you are not wired

Give out loud sighs when we are close
shows the stress on you
it means you are working hard
that how we view

Lap up our droppings
and please us all the way
then you are appraised well
and you make hay

Do whatever you wish all day
beg borrow steal or kill
but at the end of everyday
its timesheet you should fill

Follow these points above by heart
stick to the gun
We are here, your divine savoirs
The S.A.D. in SUN